Opyoyid

Yon opyoyid se yon kalite medikaman ki aji sou sistèm nève santral pou soulaje doulè lè li mare ak reseptè opyoyid yo nan sèvo a ak mwèl epinyè a. Opyoyid yo ka trè efikas pou soulaje doulè, men yo ka tou trè adiktif e yo ka lakòz efè segondè grav tankou somnolans, konfizyon, depresyon respiratwa ak depandans.

Opioide

Opyoyid yo se sibstans ki aji sou reseptè opyoyid ki nan sistèm nève santral pou pwodui efè analjezik, sa vle di pou soulaje doulè. Yo itilize opyoyid yo pou trete doulè modere a grav, tankou sa ki asosye ak yon entèvansyon chirijikal, yon blesi oswa yon maladi kwonik.

Opyoyid yo mare ak reseptè opyoyid yo nan sèvo a ak mwèl epinyè a, sa ki lakòz yon diminisyon nan pèsepsyon doulè a ak yon ogmantasyon nan sèy doulè ki ka tolere. Anplis, opyoyid yo ka tou genyen efè sou sistèm rekonpans ak motivasyon nan sèvo a, sa ki pwovoke santiman plezi ak ifori, ki ka mennen nan depandans.

Opyoyid yo ka administre pa bouch, pa piki, pa enalasyon oswa pa patch transdèmik. Opyoyid yo gen ladan medikaman tankou mòfin, fentanyl, oksikodòn, kodeyin ak idrokodòn. Byenke opyoyid yo efikas pou soulaje doulè, itilizasyon yo ka tou lakòz efè segondè endezirab tankou somnolans, konfizyon, konstipasyon ak depresyon respiratwa. Anplis, opyoyid yo ka lakòz yon tolerans, yon depandans ak yon adiksyon nan kèk pasyan, sa ki mande yon itilizasyon prudan ak yon siveyans sere pa yon pwofesyonèl sante.

Aksè piblik ak antagonis opyoyid yo

Naloxone

Naloksòn renvèse rapidman ak efikasman depresyon respiratwa pwovoke pa opyoyid, sa ki ka anpeche arè kadyak ekstra-lopital ki asosye ak opyoyid.

Naloksòn lajman transpòte pa pèsonèl sèvis medikal ijans yo, men èske ou te konnen ke lòt moun (pa egzanp, zanmi, manm fanmi, pasan) ki rive sou plas anvan sèvis medikal ijans yo ka mete an plas tretman sa a ki sove lavi?

Pasan ki pa fòme ka administre naloksòn ak siksè, sa ki te pwouve efikas pou redui mòtalite.

Apwòch sa a mande pou moun yo konnen ki lè pou itilize naloksòn, pou yo gen aksè fasil ak medikaman an e pou yo prepare pou administre l.

Taktik ki vize ogmante itilizasyon naloksòn pa piblik la gen ladan amelyorasyon edikasyon, redui obstak pou jwenn naloksòn nan famasi yo, mete an plas pwogram « naloksòn lakay », enstalasyon naloksòn nan espas piblik yo, ansanm ak fòmasyon ak ekipman moun ki ka konfwonte ak anpwazònman opyoyid.

Edikasyon sou opyoyid ak distribisyon naloksòn

Surdose_opioide

Pwogram edikasyon sou sidoz ak distribisyon naloksòn yo souvan konsantre sou rekonesans bonè sidoz yo ak fòmasyon nan administrasyon efikas naloksòn.

Modil edikasyon kout sifi pou amelyore rekonesans ak manejman sidoz yo.

Pwogram edikatif yo ka tou bay founiti tankou de doz naloksòn, yon aparèy pou administre naloksòn (atomizè entranazal oswa sereng), gan ak yon kat enstriksyon.

Li rezonab pou ajoute edikasyon sou opyoyid ak distribisyon naloksòn nan kou premye swen pou gwoup ki gen yon gwo pwobabilite kontak ak sidoz yo, tankou ajan aplikasyon lalwa, pèsonèl festival ak bwat lannwit ak bibliyotekè yo.

Soulajman doulè ak risk potansyèl yo

Risques_des_opioides

Opyoyid yo se medikaman efikas pou soulaje doulè, men itilizasyon yo ka tou lakòz risk pou sante, tankou depandans ak depresyon respiratwa. Opyoyid yo mare ak reseptè opyoyid yo nan sistèm nève santral pou pwodui efè analjezik, men yo ka tou pwovoke efè segondè tankou somnolans ak konfizyon.

Li enpòtan pou siveye atantivman itilizasyon opyoyid yo e pou mete an plas plan tretman endividyalize pou minimize risk yo. Altènativ ak opyoyid, tankou terapi fizik, anti-enflamatwa ki pa estewoyidyen (AINS) ak tretman ki pa famakolojik, ka konsidere pou pasyan ki gen yon gwo risk efè segondè oswa depandans.

Opyoyid yo ka yon zouti efikas pou soulaje doulè, men itilizasyon yo mande yon siveyans atantif ak yon apwòch endividyalize pou minimize risk pou sante. Li enpòtan pou pwofesyonèl sante yo ak pasyan yo enfòme sou risk ki asosye ak opyoyid yo ak altènativ ki disponib pou jere doulè a yon fason efikas e ki san danje.

Sous

Sit entènèt prensipal

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204

  • Corey S. Davis JD, MSPH, Jessica K. Southwell MPH, Virginia Radford Niehaus JD, MPH, Alexander Y. Walley MD, MSc et Michael W. Dailey MD: 10 Oktòb 2014 "Emergency Medical Services Naloxone Access: A National Systematic Legal Review " https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acem.12485 [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]
  • Corey S Davis 1, Jessica K Southwell, Virginia Radford Niehaus, Alexander Y Walley et Michael W Dailey: 21 Oktòb 2014 "Emergency medical services naloxone access: a national systematic legal review" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25308142/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

381

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  • Eliza D Whiteman, Roxanne Dupuis, Anna U Morgan, Bernadette D'Alonzo, Caleb Epstein, Heather Klusaritz et Carolyn C Cannuscio: 24 Me 2018 "Public Libraries As Partners for Health" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29806580/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

394

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  • Scott A Goldberg, Daniel A Dworkis, Vincent T Liao, Andrew J Eyre, Jack Albert, Meghan M Fawcett, Conor M Narovec, James DiClemente et Scott G Weiner: 3 Me 2018 "Feasibility of Bystander Administration of Public-Access Naloxone for Opioid Overdose" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29723076/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

395

  • Corey S Davis, Jessica K Southwell, Virginia Radford Niehaus, Alexander Y Walley et Michael W Dailey: 10 Oktòb 2014 "Emergency Medical Services Naloxone Access: A National Systematic Legal Review" https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acem.12485 [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]
  • Corey S Davis, Jessica K Southwell, Virginia Radford Niehaus, Alexander Y Walley et Michael W Dailey: 21 Oktòb 2014 "Emergency medical services naloxone access: a national systematic legal review" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25308142/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

396

  • Alexander Y Walley, Ziming Xuan, H Holly Hackman, Emily Quinn, Maya Doe-Simkins, Amy Sorensen-Alawad, Sarah Ruiz et Al Ozonoff: 31 janvye 2013 " Opioid overdose rates and implementation of overdose education and nasal naloxone distribution in Massachusetts: interrupted time series analysis" https://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f174 [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]
  • Alexander Y Walley 1, Ziming Xuan, H Holly Hackman, Emily Quinn, Maya Doe-Simkins, Amy Sorensen-Alawad et Sarah Ruiz, Al Ozonoff: 30 Janvye 2013 "Opioid overdose rates and implementation of overdose education and nasal naloxone distribution in Massachusetts: interrupted time series analysis" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23372174/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

397

  • Shane R Mueller, Alexander Y Walley, Susan L Calcaterra, Jason M Glanz et Ingrid A Binswanger: 6 Me 2015 «  A Review of Opioid Overdose Prevention and Naloxone Prescribing: Implications for Translating Community Programming Into Clinical Practice" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08897077.2015.1010032 [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]
  • Shane R Mueller, Alexander Y Walley, Susan L Calcaterra, Jason M Glanz et Ingrid A Binswanger: 16 Mas 2015 « A Review of Opioid Overdose Prevention and Naloxone Prescribing: Implications for Translating Community Programming Into Clinical Practice" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25774771/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

398

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401

  • Karin E Tobin, Susan G Sherman, Peter Beilenson, Christopher Welsh et Carl A Latkin: 22 Avril 2008 "Evaluation of the Staying Alive programme: Training injection drug users to properly administer naloxone and save lives" https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095539590800087X?via%3Dihub [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]
  • Karin E Tobin, Susan G Sherman, Peter Beilenson, Christopher Welsh et Carl A Latkin: 22 Avril 2008 "Evaluation of the Staying Alive programme: training injection drug users to properly administer naloxone and save lives" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18434126/ [Dènye konsiltasyon 8 janvye 2023]

402